cranking speed

During start process, only the initial 2 cycles produce relative high level nitrogen oxide ( NO) emission, and the NO concentration decreases with the rising of cranking speed.

起动过程中只有第12循环会产生较多的氮氧化物，整个起动过程氮氧化物都较低，氮氧化物浓度随拖动转速升高而降低。

Under the start conditions the HC emissions can not be converted effectively by the threeway catalytic converter no matter how high the cranking speed is but its conversion rate depends on speed.

在不同拖动转速下，三效催化剂都不能高效转化碳氢排放，但转化效率存在差异。

When the cranking speed increases, the conversion rate decreases firstly, then increases again.

随着拖动转速升高, 催化剂的转化效率先降低后又升高.

The coolant temperature, intake port deposit, cranking speed and ignition timing all influence the limit with various mechanisms.

拖动转速、冷却水温度、进气道油膜残留和点火时刻等燃烧边界条件都对窗口区域造成影响。

During cranking timing depends on cranking speed and temperature.

在启动期间,点火正时取决于曲轴转速和发动机的温度.

The intake manifold pressure is lower when the cranking speed increases, thus the fuel metering strategy should be modified.

随着拖动转速升高，进气歧管压力降低，对应的喷油策略也应随之调整；